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Bamboo is one of the most versatile plants on our planet and has been used by humans since prehistoric times. Many gardeners hesitate to grow bamboo, fearing it will become invasive. This guide aims to dispel those fears and recommend a few varieties to try.
Why Grow Bamboo?
Bamboo is an architectural plant that can become a highlight in the garden and provide an evergreen windbreak. It diffuses light, benefiting semi-shade plants, unlike conifers that block light entirely. The rustling sound of bamboo leaves in the breeze adds a soothing ambiance. Additionally, bamboo offers a variety of culm (stem) colors, including black, green, yellow, red, and blue. Climbers like wisteria can be grown through bamboo to add unexpected splashes of color.
Understanding Bamboo
Bamboo is a rhizomatous plant, meaning it has underground stems with nodes. These rhizomes bear similarities to the above-ground stems but have closer nodes that produce culm buds and roots.
There are two main types of bamboo:
Pachymorph (Clumping Bamboo): These bamboos have closely spaced nodes, resulting in a clumping growth habit. They are generally safe for planting in the ground.
Leptomorph (Running Bamboo): These bamboos have wider spaced nodes and can be more aggressive. They require careful management to prevent unwanted spreading.
Most bamboos have shallow rooting systems, often within a spade’s depth, to utilize rainfall effectively. Regular mulching helps retain moisture, benefiting both bamboo and neighboring plants.
Maintenance Tips
Leaf Shedding: Bamboo sheds leaves throughout the year. These leaves are an excellent source of nutrients for the plant and should not be cleared away.
New Shoots: When new culms emerge, they are fragile. Avoid damaging them to ensure healthy growth.
Culm Sheaths: Protective coverings on new culms, called culm sheaths, drop off once the culm reaches its full height. These sheaths serve as valuable mulch and should be left around the base of the plant.
By understanding bamboo’s growth habits and maintenance needs, gardeners can enjoy its beauty and benefits without fear of it overtaking the garden.
